History
Vantage Drilling grew from a 2008 jackup and drillship business into a heavily indebted rig owner, then lost its operating business in a 2015-16 restructuring and Cayman liquidation.
2008-2009: Building a fleet with F3's help
Vantage Drilling Company, a newly formed Cayman Islands company, set out in 2008 to buy Vantage Energy Services and Offshore Group Investment Limited (OGIL). OGIL held contracts for four jackup rigs (drilling rigs that stand on the seabed), a purchase agreement for an ultra-deepwater drillship and an option on a second. The deal closed on June 12, 2008. OGIL's owner, F3 Capital, controlled by director Hsin-Chi Su, received 33,333,333 shares and warrants, leaving Su with about 44% of the shares. A $320 million term facility with Natixis and others, plus top-up and revolver lines, paid for the jackups.
F3 kept funding the company. Vantage agreed to take a 45% stake in Mandarin, the owner of the Platinum Explorer drillship, took a $10.0 million loan from F3, and sold F3 5,517,241 shares for $8.0 million in January 2009. When the second-drillship option lapsed, a $10.0 million fee was settled with 7,299,270 shares. The first jackup contract, for the Emerald Driller, was worth about $128.3 million, and the Sapphire Driller won West Africa work in 2009.
Bank lenders agreed to changes in return for higher costs. Vantage raised about $25.0 million in a June 2009 private placement. In August it priced 48,387,000 shares at $1.55 for about $70.1 million. These fed a $100.0 million Wayzata loan at 15% cash interest for the Aquamarine Driller. In December it closed $135.0 million of 13 1/2% notes to pay for the Topaz Driller.
2010-2011: Buying the Platinum Explorer and refinancing
In January 2010 Vantage sold 30,000,000 shares at $1.49 for about $41.2 million net. In July it agreed to buy the remaining 55% of Mandarin from F3 Capital for $139.65 million, of which $60.0 million was a 5% note. About $505 million was due on delivery of the ship. An unsolicited offer to buy all the shares at a premium was rejected the same month, with the board choosing to go ahead with its financings.
On July 30, 2010 the deals closed. Vantage sold 45,454,545 shares at $1.10 for about $46.9 million net. OGIL issued $1.0 billion of 11.5% first lien notes due 2015, secured on the rigs. The Natixis facility was repaid. In June 2011 OGIL issued about $225.0 million more notes, bought the Aquamarine Driller company, and Vantage repaid the Wayzata loan. Some of the cash went toward a new drillship, the Tungsten Explorer.
2012-2013: Expansion funded by debt
In March 2012 Vantage agreed to buy the Dragonquest drillship from F3 affiliate Valencia for $164 million, with F3 gaining rights to subscribe for up to 34.6% of certain future offerings. OGIL raised $775.0 million of extra notes, taking the 2015 series to $2.0 billion in total. The purchase closed on April 20, 2012 and the ship, renamed Titanium Explorer, had an eight-year Petrobras contract. It began operations on December 7, 2012, and Vantage issued 5,000,000 shares to its agent, Tomdrill, in return for lower agent fees.
Vantage added a $25.0 million revolver from Royal Bank of Canada in June 2012, later raised to $200 million. It also sold convertible notes: $56.5 million at 7.875% due 2042 in August 2012 and $100 million at 5.50% due 2043 in July 2013, the latter to fund a first payment on the Cobalt Explorer drillship. In October 2012 OGIL issued $1.15 billion of 7.5% notes due 2019 and took a $500 million term loan to retire the 2015 notes. In March 2013 it issued $775 million of 7.125% notes due 2023 and a $350 million second term loan. In November 2013 the first loan's interest margin was cut. Shares on issue rose from 299,647,000 at the end of 2012 to 304,101,000 at the end of 2013.
2014-2015: A quiet record, then default
The record for 2014 and most of 2015 is quiet. On September 14, 2015, NYSE MKT suspended trading and began delisting because of the shares' abnormally low trading price, and the shares moved to over-the-counter trading as VTGDF. On November 2, 2015 Vantage did not pay a $40.8 million interest payment on its 2019 notes and used the grace period, saying it held more than $200.6 million of cash and was talking to holders of over $1.5 billion of secured debt.
2015-2016: Restructuring and liquidation
On December 1, 2015 Vantage, OGIL and lenders signed a restructuring agreement. OGIL filed a pre-packaged Chapter 11 case in Delaware on December 3. Lenders were to receive $750 million of new third-lien convertible notes and new OGIL shares, with a $75 million second-lien rights offering. OGIL shares held by Vantage were to be cancelled. The filing triggered acceleration of Vantage's convertible notes and OGIL's other debt. Vantage sold its VIMCO Singapore and VESI stakes to OGIL for a promissory note, to be swapped for new shares expected to go to Vantage's creditors. On December 11 the trustee for the 2019 notes petitioned the Cayman court to wind up Vantage.
The plan was confirmed on January 15, 2016 and took effect on February 10. OGIL, renamed Vantage Drilling International, kept the three drillships and four jackups and was no longer a Vantage subsidiary. KPMG's Alex Lawson and Kris Beighton were appointed joint official liquidators on January 18, and all Vantage directors and officers resigned. At the latest beat, February 11, 2016, the filings stated no recovery for Vantage shareholders and the liquidation was continuing. In March 2016 Vantage ended its duty to file reports with the SEC.
Written from the 47 story beats below (2008 to 30 Mar 2016), which come from the company's own announcements and filings.