History
Southwestern bought big in Appalachia, sold Fayetteville, then doubled down on Haynesville with share-funded deals, before merging into Chesapeake in October 2024.
2013-2015: A giant Appalachian bet
The record opens quietly. In December 2013 Southwestern signed a new unsecured $2.0 billion credit facility led by JPMorgan Chase, replacing a $1.5 billion one. In October 2014 it agreed to buy about 413,000 net acres in West Virginia and southwest Pennsylvania from Chesapeake, far larger than its earlier acreage purchases. A settlement cut the price by about $400 million to roughly $4.975 billion, and the deal closed on December 22, 2014. It was paid for with a $4.5 billion 364-day bridge loan (a short-term loan) and a $500 million two-year term loan, both fully drawn. Southwestern also agreed to buy about 30,000 acres from Statoil for about $365 million.
In January 2015 it sold $2.2 billion of senior notes, which repaid the whole bridge loan. In April 2015 it sold its north-east Pennsylvania gathering assets for about $488.3 million net. In November 2015 it took a $750 million three-year term loan, using it to pay down its existing credit facility and commercial paper.
2016-2017: Equity and a debt reshuffle
In June 2016 the company restructured its bank debt. It took a new $1.934 billion credit agreement, including a $1.191 billion secured term loan, with added interest-coverage and collateral tests. In July 2016 it sold 98.9 million new shares at $13.00 each, raising about $1,247 million after costs, its first equity issue in the record. It used the money to repay $375 million of the 2015 term loan and to fund tender offers (offers to buy back bonds) for up to $750 million of its notes. Shares on issue rose to about 495 million by year end.
In September 2017 it sold $650 million of 7.500% notes due 2026 and $500 million of 7.750% notes due 2027, raising about $1,133 million net. The money repaid the remaining $327 million of the 2015 term loan and funded further tender offers, and it amended its credit terms to raise the minimum interest coverage ratio.
2018: Selling Fayetteville
In April 2018 Southwestern signed a new secured credit agreement with JPMorgan as agent, with $2.0 billion of commitments and a $3.2 billion borrowing base. It repaid the $1,191 million term loan using cash and $360 million of initial borrowings. In August it agreed to sell its Fayetteville Shale production and gathering subsidiaries to Flywheel Energy Operating for $1.865 billion. In September it launched tender offers, upsized to $900 million, funded by that sale; it planned to buy all tendered 2022 notes ($787.2 million) and 2020 notes ($40.0 million) and $72.8 million of the 2025 notes. The sale closed in early December 2018.
2019-2020: The Montage merger
The record is quiet for 2019. In August 2020 Southwestern agreed to buy Montage Resources in an all-stock deal at 1.8656 Southwestern shares per Montage share. It sold 63.25 million new shares at $2.50 each, raising about $152 million net, and $350 million of 8.375% notes due 2028, raising about $345 million net. These funded paying off Montage's notes that it would take on. The company estimated Montage holders would own about 10% of the combined company. The deal closed on November 13, 2020, and shares on issue ended the year at about 606 million.
2021-2022: Doubling down on Haynesville
In June 2021 Southwestern agreed to buy Indigo Natural Resources for $400 million in cash plus 339,270,568 new shares. Shareholders approved the issue and a rise in authorised shares from 1.25 billion to 2.5 billion, and the deal closed on September 1, 2021. Around the closing, it sold $1.2 billion of 5.375% notes due 2030, to buy back its 2026 notes and part of its 2025 notes and repay credit agreement borrowings, and exchanged $697.5 million of Indigo notes for new 2029 notes.
In November 2021 it agreed to buy GEP Haynesville for about $1.85 billion, including 99,337,748 new shares. To fund the cash, it sold $1.15 billion of 4.750% notes due 2032 and signed a $550 million secured term loan. The deal closed on December 31, 2021. Shares on issue passed 1.0 billion by the end of 2021 and reached about 1.1 billion in 2022. In April 2022 it replaced its revolving credit agreement with a $3.5 billion borrowing base and commitments of $2.0 billion, running to April 2027.
2024: Joining Chesapeake
The record is quiet for 2023. On January 10, 2024, Southwestern signed a merger agreement with Chesapeake Energy, under which each Southwestern share would convert into 0.0867 of a Chesapeake share. In April 2024 the FTC issued a Second Request for more information, which extended the antitrust waiting period. The companies then expected a second-half close.
The merger closed on October 1, 2024. Southwestern was merged into Chesapeake, which renamed itself Expand Energy. Southwestern's shares stopped trading after September 30, 2024, its JPMorgan credit agreement was paid off in full and terminated, and stock options were cancelled without payment. It deregistered its securities on October 11, 2024, ending its SEC reporting.
Written from the 45 story beats below (2013 to 11 Oct 2024), which come from the company's own announcements and filings.