History
Molycorp grew fast through acquisitions and debt, then filed for Chapter 11 in 2015 and emerged in 2016 with all old shares cancelled and no payout.
2010-2011: Listing and a first acquisition
Molycorp, Inc. had its securities cleared for trading on the New York Stock Exchange in July 2010, with a further certification in February 2011. Its first acquisition in this record came in April 2011, when it bought 80% of Silmet, an Estonian rare earth metal processor, from Silmet Grupp for $80 million paid in 1,593,419 new Molycorp shares. It also bought another 10.023% from Treibacher for $9,020,700 in cash, taking its stake to about 90%.
In June 2011 it raised $230.0 million through 3.25% convertible senior notes due June 15, 2016, netting about $222.9 million. The notes could be converted into cash, shares or a mix at about $71.40 per share, so they carried a possibility of future dilution.
2012: The Neo deal
2012 was the year of the biggest deal. In February Molycorp agreed to sell 12.5 million new shares to Molibdenos y Metales (Molymet) at $31.218 each, about $390 million in total. Molymet received a board nominee and was limited to 19.9% ownership for two years. In March Molycorp agreed to buy Neo Material Technologies for about $1.3 billion, at Cdn $11.30 per share, roughly 71.2% in cash and 28.8% in Molycorp stock. A committed $635 million bridge facility from Morgan Stanley and Credit Suisse backed the cash portion.
In May Molycorp issued $650 million of 10% senior secured notes due 2020, with the money held in escrow until Neo closed. After final Ontario court approval and Investment Canada Act approval, the deal closed on June 11, 2012. Molycorp paid about US$945.6 million in cash terms, plus 13,545,426 new shares and 507,203 exchangeable shares of a Canadian subsidiary. Neo's roughly US$230 million of convertible debentures also came under a Molycorp subsidiary.
2013-2014: Restatement, auditors and Oaktree
In August 2013 Molycorp said its first-quarter 2013 results could no longer be relied on, because of an inventory reconciliation error and an unaccrued severance charge. The restated first-quarter net loss was $38.2 million rather than $46.4 million. The same month it reported second-quarter revenue of $136.9 million, $264.2 million of cash, and Mountain Pass running at about 15,000 metric tons a year of rare earth oxide capacity.
Control problems followed. In March 2014 it dismissed PricewaterhouseCoopers (U.S.), which had given an adverse opinion on internal controls at the end of 2013 and reported two material weaknesses: too few accounting staff and weak controls over its new ERP system. It appointed PwC Canada, then dismissed it in May and approved KPMG Canada, with no disagreements stated either time.
In September 2014 Molycorp turned to Oaktree for a $185.0 million term loan, of which $50.167 million was funded at closing. Its subsidiary Magnequench took a separate $75.0 million loan, and Mountain Pass equipment was sold to Oaktree for $139.833 million and leased back. Interest was 7% cash plus 5% paid in kind, and Oaktree received warrants for up to 24,477,395 shares. At the end of 2014 the NYSE warned that the share price had averaged below $1.00 for 30 trading days.
2015-2016: Chapter 11 and emergence
Molycorp and certain subsidiaries filed for Chapter 11 in Delaware on June 25, 2015. The filing accelerated its debts, including $650 million of 2020 notes, $206.505 million of 2016 notes, $382.986 million of 2017 notes and $148.939 million of 2018 notes. The NYSE suspended trading that day. A court order in July made effective a debtor-in-possession loan of up to $135.4 million, with milestones for a limited-operations plan at Mountain Pass.
The sale process drew no bids big enough. The court approved a credit-bid sale of the Mountain Pass assets to the ad hoc 10% noteholders on April 5, 2016, and confirmed a plan on April 8 to reorganize the downstream businesses: Chemicals & Oxides, Magnetic Materials & Alloys and Rare Metals. Oaktree was to receive 92.5% of the new parent's equity and general unsecured creditors 7.5%.
On August 31, 2016, Molycorp, Inc. and 14 other Plan Debtors emerged, and all old equity was cancelled with no distribution to holders. The six Mountain Pass entities did not emerge. They remained in Chapter 11 under trustee Paul E. Harner, appointed May 2, 2016, who had moved to dismiss their cases, with a hearing set for September 2016. Molycorp also ended the registration of a class of its securities.
Written from the 22 story beats below (2010 to 1 Sept 2016), which come from the company's own announcements and filings.