History
Melbana, formerly MEO Australia, chased big gas and oil finds across Australia, Asia and Cuba, mostly met dry holes and dilution, and by mid-2026 had A$0.47m cash and a sanctions-hit Cuban asset.
2006-2010: Timor Sea gas and the Petrobras windfall
The company, then called MEO Australia, began with a single big idea: the Epenarra gas prospect in permit NT/P68 in the Timor Sea. In 2006 it chose to keep 100% rather than farm out, funding 3D seismic through a placement to Cambrian and a 1-for-4 rights issue, about A$13 million in all. A further A$12 million placement followed in December. In 2007 Petrofac took 10% of the permit, and placements of A$41.25 million and A$62.5 million paid for drilling and testing.
Results were mixed. Heron-2 flowed only about 6 million cubic feet of gas a day from one thin sand and was abandoned in January 2008, though it was later declared a discovery. Blackwood-1 was declared a gas discovery in March 2008, and MEO estimated 2,473 billion cubic feet of gas in place in Greater Blackwood. On the Northwest Shelf, the Zeus-1 well failed in February 2009. By then shares on issue had grown from about 222 million at the end of 2006 to 477 million at the end of 2009. In November 2009 MEO placed 59.9 million shares at 45 cents to raise about A$27 million for the WA-360-P well.
In 2010 Petrobras farmed into WA-360-P, paying about US$39 million. MEO then placed 62.8 million shares at 52 cents. But Artemis-1, drilled in December on the roughly 12 trillion cubic foot prospect, found no hydrocarbons.
2011-2012: Eni, Asia and a run of dry holes
Eni farmed into NT/P68 in 2011, earning 50% of Heron and becoming operator by funding two wells, with up to US$75 million payable to MEO at a final investment decision. In 2011 MEO also bought into Indonesia and won new Australian permits. A buy-back of up to 10% of its shares was approved in September 2011, when shares traded below cash backing.
The 2012 drilling programme went badly. Heron South-1 flowed gas too slowly to measure, and Gurame SE-1X in Indonesia, funded at 100% for up to US$25 million, recorded no flow. In Thailand, Anchan-1 was dry and Sainampueng-1 was stopped early. MEO raised A$9.3 million from a share purchase plan and A$10 million from Asian Energy Limited to keep going.
2013-2014: Write-offs and a failed merger
The half-year to December 2012 showed a A$58.3 million loss, mostly exploration write-offs. The chairman called funding Gurame alone regrettable and said the portfolio had grown too large. Origin took 50% of WA-454-P in 2013. Blackwood-2 then recorded no flow in December 2013, and the half-year loss reached A$119.8 million. By the 2013/14 report A$129.4 million of exploration costs had been written off and market value had halved to A$18.8 million.
MEO bought 30% of New Zealand's Puka oil project in 2014, but Puka-3 was uncommercial. Eni withdrew from Heron in October. A planned merger with Neon Energy collapsed in December when Neon accepted a rival offer, paying MEO a A$400,000 fee. A 2-cent share purchase plan raised A$2.5 million.
2015-2017: Mosman's bid and the turn to Cuba
In 2015 Mosman Oil and Gas bid for MEO, raising its offer twice, and the board rejected it. The bid expired with acceptances of only 2.047%. The company shut its New Zealand income when Puka was shut in, cut overheads by more than 60%, and refreshed its board, with Andrew Purcell becoming chairman. It signed the Cuba Block 9 production sharing contract in September 2015 and decided to exit NT/P68, WA-360-P and WA-361-P. Leni Gas Cuba became its largest shareholder.
In 2016 it renamed itself Melbana Energy (ticker MAY) to reflect the Cuban focus. Estimates of Block 9's prospective resource rose to 637 million barrels. Raisings at 1 to 1.4 cents, together with the settlement with Petro Australis that issued 20.8 million shares, lifted shares on issue from 953 million to about 1.67 billion by the end of 2017.
2018-2021: Searching for a Block 9 funder
Pukatea-1 missed its main target in February 2018, though a shallower zone flowed up to 600 barrels a day. Melbana took its first debt, a US$2.5 million loan at 15% guaranteed by Purcell. It sold its New Zealand and AC/P50-51 interests. A binding Block 9 farmout to AMEC lapsed in April 2019. A bid for Metgasco ended in January 2020 with acceptances for 27.81%. Santos's Beehive option lapsed in March 2020.
In August 2020 Sonangol took 70% of Block 9 by funding 85% of two wells, and paid past costs. Melbana sold Beehive to EOG for US$7.5 million upfront, completed in November 2021, and raised about A$7 million at 2 cents. Shares reached 2.67 billion by the end of 2021.
2022-2024: Alameda oil and mixed tests
Alameda-1, spudded in September 2021, found large oil shows. A 125 million share placement at 12 cents raised A$15 million in March 2022. McDaniel put the three Alameda-1 zones at 362 million barrels of mean prospective resource. Zapato-1 reached its planned depth in October 2022 and was suspended. Alameda-2 flowed oil to surface in 2023, peaking at 1,903 barrels a day, and a first Contingent Resource of 46 million barrels was booked in 2024. Alameda-3 tests did not flow in June 2024. Melbana also won AC/P70 and WA-552-P.
2025-2026: Dry well, default and sanctions
A 411.8 million share placement at 1.7 cents raised about A$7 million in August 2025. Amistad-2 found only water in November. Sonangol then said it could not pay cash calls and defaulted on US$23.5 million. Melbana says Sonangol is deemed withdrawn, with the 70% to pass to Melbana subject to Cuban approval. Sonangol claims it made payments.
On 11 June 2026 the US sanctioned CUPET, Melbana's Block 9 counterparty, and Melbana suspended direct support for the block. At the end of the June 2026 quarter, cash was A$0.47 million, and continuing depends on recovering the debt, now A$34.8 million, or raising new funds.
Written from the 274 story beats below (2006 to 31 July 2026), which come from the company's own announcements and filings.