History
Lakes Oil spent two decades hunting Victorian gas, was shut out by a state drilling ban, lost its court fight, and in 2025 finally drilled Wombat-5, still without commercial flow.
2006-2009: Tight gas hopes and thin funding
Lakes Oil set out in 2006 to prove up tight gas (gas locked in dense rock that needs fracturing to flow) in Victoria's Gippsland Basin. It drilled Loy Yang-2 in PEP 166, lifting its interest to 75%, and said it had spent over $30 million on the project. Eagle North-1, where Lakes held 15%, failed its tests and the workover was abandoned in October 2006. Talks with China's Sinopec produced only a non-binding memorandum, and a US$7m PetroHunter farm-in signed in April 2007 was terminated in June when payment was late.
Cash came in small pieces. Placements at 2 cents and 1.8 cents were followed by a share purchase plan that raised $3,558,668 at 1.5 cents, and a placement of 323,208,333 shares at 1.2 cents. A 2007 rights issue at 1 cent drew only about $3.84m of a possible $9.34m. Hazelwood-1, Boola Boola-2 and Alberton-1 did not deliver a discovery, though Boola Boola-2 earned Lakes its 75% of PEP 166. Lakes also co-founded Greenearth Energy, a geothermal venture, which closed a $10m-minimum IPO in January 2008. Shares on issue rose from about 2.2 billion at the end of 2006 to about 5.5 billion by the end of 2009.
From 2008 the focus turned to Wombat. Gaffney Cline put gas in place there at 700 bcf in October 2008. A planned merger with Cape Energy was dropped in January 2009, citing the global financial crisis. In 2009 Wombat-3 flowed oil, a 1-for-4 rights issue raised $9.3m, and Wombat-4 was declared a tight gas discovery in November.
2010-2012: Partners and a moratorium
In 2010 Lakes signed a $50m farm-in on PRL 2 with Beach Energy, and Somerton Energy later took a smaller share. Wombat-2 flowed about 0.8 million cubic feet a day after fracturing in January 2011. A share purchase plan raised about $1.56m in 2011, too little to fund Holdgate-1, and Lakes relinquished its PEP 164 permit.
In December 2011 Armour Energy agreed to fund wells to earn 51% of PEP 169 and PEP 166. Moreys-1 found tight gas but not a commercial result, and Holdgate-1 recorded gas readings without a flow test. In August 2012 Victoria's moratorium on fracture stimulation caught Lakes' work, stalling the Beach fracturing program. The chairman said financing would be harder.
2012-2015: Converting notes
Lakes turned to converting notes, which pay interest and later turn into shares. The 2012 issue raised $2.29m, and further placements, including $4.25m from a Hancock Prospecting subsidiary, took the total to about $8.6m. The auditor's going-concern qualification was disclosed. In December 2013 the conversion of 578,222 notes created 2.891bn shares. The remaining notes converted into 1,095,050,000 shares in December 2014, lifting the count past 11 billion.
Beach and Somerton (by then Cooper Energy) withdrew from PRL 2 in 2013, and Armour matched the Beach farm-in. In 2014 Lakes signed conditional gas supply letters with Simplot and Dow Chemical, bought Otway permits, and added Queensland and offshore Gippsland permits. A 2015 note issue raised $4.12m of about $11.3m sought. Armour then moved to remove Executive Chairman Rob Annells, who left the board in May 2016.
2016-2019: The ban, the courts and Rawson
On 31 August 2016 Victoria announced a permanent ban on unconventional gas and extended the conventional onshore ban to mid-2020. Lakes impaired its Victorian assets and described a precarious financial position. A new notes issue raised only $0.542m. Lakes bought NavGas, with South Australian and Queensland acreage, for 9.6 billion shares, and shares on issue rose to about 27.6 billion by 2017. It sued the Victorian Government, claiming over $2.7 billion. The Minister refused talks in December 2017, judgment went against Lakes in September 2018, and the Court of Appeal rejected its appeal in December 2019.
In 2018 Lakes took 89.18% of Rawson Oil & Gas, bringing a South Australian Otway interest. Separately, a Papua New Guinea court quashed the cancellation of Lakes' PPL 560 licence, which holds the Buna prospect, in September 2019. ASX suspended Lakes shares on 1 October 2019 for a late annual report, tied to the tax office's clawback of an R&D grant. Nangwarry-1 spudded in December 2019 and found gas that was 89-92% carbon dioxide.
2020-2024: Suspension and survival
Shares stayed suspended while Lakes funded itself with convertible notes. Nangwarry-1 flowed 10.8 million cubic feet a day in April 2021, and the resource is now seen as CO2 for food use. ASX set conditions for reinstatement, and a prospectus plus earlier placements raised $5,488,810 in total. Trading resumed on 7 February 2022 with 42.38bn shares. Wellesley-2 in Queensland failed to find gas. In July 2022 Lakes signed a technical cooperation agreement with TotalEnergies on Buna, and Victoria approved its work programs.
In April 2023 the notes matured, with 11.17bn converting to shares. A tax tribunal upheld rejection of the R&D claim, leaving $605,000 owing. Shares on issue in the later feed are lower, but the beats do not explain the change. A small rights issue raised only $363,480, and ASX suspended the shares again on 2 October 2023. Armour went into administration in November 2023. In 2024 Lakes took full ownership of PRL 2 and sold its 49% of PEP 169 to ADZ's Armour Energy (Victoria) for $6.5m cash plus a royalty, received by January 2025.
2025-2026: Wombat-5
The suspension lifted on 4 July 2025. Placements at $0.75 and $1.15 funded the Wombat-5 well, the first Lakes well there since the 2013 ban. It spudded on 1 August, restarted as a sidetrack after a stoppage, and reached 3,052 m with 1,500 m of horizontal hole showing strong gas readings. A stuck assembly left 614 m uncased. By January 2026 gas was flowing to the flare but with no measured rate; the test was suspended in March, and by June drilling damage was restricting flow.
Roland Sleeman retired as chairman on 30 June 2026. A conceptual study modelled first gas in Q1 2029, with no government commitment or funding. By 21 August 2026 a raising at $0.30 a share had brought in less than the $8.7m target, leaving about $2.0m of the entitlement shortfall unplaced and Wombat-5 still without a commercial flow rate.
Written from the 200 story beats below (2006 to 21 Aug 2026), which come from the company's own announcements and filings.