History
Penn Virginia shed its partnerships and non-core assets, borrowed heavily for Eagle Ford growth, went through bankruptcy in 2016, and ended as part of Baytex in 2023.
2010-2012: Selling down and refinancing
The record opens in June 2010, when Penn Virginia completed its exit from Penn Virginia GP Holdings. Subsidiaries sold 8,827,429 units for about $139 million net and handed over the general partner interest, giving up control. Total assets were set to fall from about $3.08 billion to $2.05 billion, and PVR LP's $618 million of debt came off the books.
In 2011 the company refinanced. It offered to buy back its $230 million of 4.50% convertible notes due 2012, and about $225.1 million (about 98%) was accepted for roughly $233.0 million. It paid for this with $300 million of 7.25% senior notes due 2019, issued April 13, 2011. In August it replaced its credit agreement with a five-year secured revolver and closed the $30.5 million sale of its Arkoma Basin and some other Mid-Continent assets to Unit Petroleum, citing a shift of spending toward oil and liquids such as the Eagle Ford.
In 2012 it sold its Kentucky, Virginia and West Virginia assets to EnerVest funds for $100.0 million, closing July 31, and said it would close the Canonsburg office. It kept the Mid-Continent assets after bids were unacceptable. In September it moved to a new Wells Fargo-led revolver maturing in 2017. Shares on issue rose from 45.7 million at the end of 2011 to 55.1 million at the end of 2012, though the beats do not explain that rise.
2013-2015: The Eagle Ford bet
In April 2013 Penn Virginia agreed to buy Eagle Ford Hunter from Magnum Hunter Resources for about $400 million. The deal added about 19,000 net Eagle Ford acres and about 12.0 million barrels of oil equivalent of proved reserves. It was funded by $775 million of 8.500% senior notes due 2020, issued April 24, and by 10,000,000 new shares issued to Magnum Hunter. Part of the note proceeds went to a tender offer for the 2016 notes and to repay revolver borrowings.
In 2014 the company sold assets to fund Eagle Ford spending. It agreed to sell its Mississippi assets to KKR for $72.7 million. In June it raised about $312.5 million net from 6.00% convertible perpetual preferred stock, convertible at $18.34 a share, to pay down the revolver and fund an accelerated Eagle Ford program. In July it sold gathering and transportation rights to Republic Midstream for $150 million. The chief executive said 2014 asset sales totalled $319 million. Shares on issue reached 71.6 million at the end of 2014.
In 2015 it sold its East Texas and North Louisiana assets to Covey Park for $74.5 million in cash, closing August 31. On September 14 the NYSE warned that the 30-day average share price of $0.98 was below the $1.00 minimum.
2016: Delisting and bankruptcy
In January 2016 lenders tightened terms, raising the mortgage requirement from 80% to 100% of proved reserves. On January 12 the NYSE suspended trading and began delisting proceedings, and the stock moved to the OTC Pink market. On May 12 Penn Virginia filed for Chapter 11 with a restructuring support agreement backed by holders of 87% of about $1.20 billion of funded debt. The company said the plan would cut long-term debt by over $1 billion, and warned that existing stock would likely be extinguished.
In August the Republic gathering agreement was revised, lowering the minimum from 15,000 to 8,000 barrels a day but extending the term from 10 to 15 years. The court confirmed the plan on August 11. Noteholders and certain other unsecured creditors received 100% of the new common stock, subject to dilution, and old preferred and common stock was canceled. This is consistent with the share count falling from 73.4 million to 15.0 million at the end of 2016. Nasdaq cleared the new securities for listing in December.
2017-2018: Rebuilding in the Eagle Ford
The reorganized company bought Devon Energy's Eagle Ford assets, about 19,600 net acres mainly in Lavaca County, Texas. The deal was agreed in July 2017 for about $205.0 million and closed September 29, with about $197 million paid at closing. A new $200 million second lien term loan from Jefferies Finance funded it, and the revolver borrowing base rose to $237.5 million.
A second purchase followed. The company bought Hunt Oil's assets, about 9,700 net acres in Gonzales and Lavaca Counties, for about $84 million, closing March 1, 2018, as the borrowing base rose to $340.0 million. In October 2018 the borrowing base rose again to $450.0 million. On October 28, 2018 Penn Virginia agreed to be acquired by Denbury Resources in a cash-and-share deal with an implied value of about $1.234 billion.
2019-2021: Standalone, Juniper and Lonestar
The Denbury deal was ended by mutual agreement on March 21, 2019, before the shareholder meeting, with no payment either way. Penn Virginia said it would continue standalone on a two-rig plan funded from cash flow. In May 2019 it raised its credit commitments to $1.0 billion and the borrowing base to $500 million. In April 2020 it cut the base to $400 million, then $375 million, and tightened terms.
In November 2020 the company agreed a deal with Juniper Capital affiliates. It closed January 15, 2021, with Juniper's JSTX paying $150 million for 17,142,857 units. Rocky Creek contributed Texas oil and gas assets for 5,405,252 units, the company moved to an 'up-C' structure, and the board grew from four to nine members. The share count rose from 15.2 million to 43.6 million by the end of 2021, though the beats do not explain the full change.
In July 2021 it agreed to acquire Lonestar Resources, with each Lonestar share converting into 0.51 Penn Virginia shares and Lonestar holders ending with about 13% of the combined company. It sold $400 million of 9.250% senior notes due 2026, held in escrow until the merger closed.
2023: The Baytex merger
The record is quiet for 2022. In February 2023 Ranger Oil, as the company was by then called, agreed to merge with Baytex Energy Corp. Each Class A share would receive 7.49 Baytex shares plus $13.31 in cash. Rocky Creek and JSTX, who owned a majority of the voting stock, signed to support the deal.
Shareholders approved on June 16, and the merger completed June 20, 2023. Ranger became an indirect wholly owned subsidiary of Baytex. The Wells Fargo credit facility was paid off, and the 2026 notes were redeemed at 106.938% of principal plus accrued interest. The shares stopped trading on Nasdaq and all directors and officers left their roles. On July 20, 2023 the company deregistered its securities, ending its obligation to file reports with the SEC.
Written from the 51 story beats below (2010 to 20 July 2023), which come from the company's own announcements and filings.